适用场景:学校讲座、文化交流活动
演讲要点:茶文化历史发展、茶与日常生活结合、茶的健康功效
行文逻辑:介绍茶文化→讲述历史演变→说明日常应用→分析健康价值→总结文化意义
Ladies and Gentlemen:
It’s my honor to stand here and make a speech. My topic is "Chinese Tea Culture".
Do you know the name of the three most famous drinks in the world? They are tea , coffee and cocoa. China is the homeland of tea which has become the national drink. In other words, tea is basically spread out from China. Referring to Chinese tea culture, it has several thousand years of history and can be traced back to the ancient times. Then it was flourished in the Tang dynasty and the Song dynasty.
At first, our ancients found tea make them excited, but they thought that drinking more would be destructive to the morals. As time went by, tea became popular among likeminded people, Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and cultivation culture. Until Tang Dynasty, tea culture began taking shape. When it came to Song Dynasty, tea culture became thriving. When people migrated, they would offer tea. When people engaged, they would send tea. When people got married, they would settle tea. Tea became an important part in their daily life.
In china, the main varieties of tea are green tea, black tea, Oolong tea, scented tea, white tea, yellow tea and dark tea. In the early days, the Chinese boiled their tea leaves with water and other ingredients such as salt and ginger; later they ground the dried leaves to a powder and whipped them up with hot water. It was not until that Ming Dynasty that it became common practice to infuse the loose tea leaves in hot water in teapots, and then to pour the infused liquid into bowls to drink. Nowadays, we make different tea in different particular ways. Over the centuries, China developed an extraordinary tea culture, comparable with the wine culture of the West.
Tea not only has a good flavor but also benefit to our body, so it is loved by many people home and abroad. Different kinds of tea have different function which makes a contribution to our health. For example, the national drink of China-green tea, can dispel the effects of alcohol, clear away summer-heat, refresh yourself and whiten your skin. The second largest kind of tea-black tea, can warm your stomach, be good for your heart and make your bones stronger. Dark tea can refresh you in the morning, reduce your blood press and help lose weight. Oolong Tea is good for your body building and dieting. In all, tea have great medicinal value, anti-cancer, lowering blood pressure, improving eyesight and restraining disease, reducing stress and so on.
Tea culture and its development reflect not only diet culture, but also Chinese spiritual features.
China is a country with a time-honored civilization and a land of ceremony and decorum. Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make and serve tea to them. Before serving tea, you may ask them for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy and serve them the tea in the most appropriate teacups. In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note of how much water is remaining in the cups and in the kettle. Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boiling water should be added after half of the cup has been consumed; and thus the cup is kept filled so that the tea retains the same bouquet and remains pleasantly warm.
Tea culture plays an indispensable role in promoting the international cultural exchange between China and other countries, enriching Chinese cultural life and promoting Chinese spiritual civilization construction. In conclusion, tea culture is one of the essences of Chinese culture in the history. The spirit of tea permeates the court and society, into the Chinese poetry, painting, calligraphy, religion, medicine. For thousands of years China has not only accumulated a great deal about tea cultivation, production of material culture, but also accumulated rich spirit of the tea culture, which is unique to China"s tea culture.
Thank you!
适用场景:学校文化活动、传统文化教育
演讲要点:宗法文化对封建社会的影响、农业文化与经济基础的关系、鲁迅小说中的文化体现
行文逻辑:介绍文化内容→分析文化类型→举例说明影响
老师们,同学们:
下午好。
今天我为大家演讲中国传统文化。中华传统文化应包括:古文、诗、词、曲、赋、民族音乐、民族戏剧、曲艺、国画、书法、对联、灯谜、射覆、酒令、歇后语、成语等;传统节日(均按农历)有:正月初一春节(农历新年)、正月十五元宵节、四月五日清明节、五月五日端午
节、七月七七夕节、八月十五中秋节、腊月三十除夕以及各种民俗等;包括传统历法在内的中国古代自然科学以及生活在中华民族大家庭中的各地区、各少数民族的传统文化也是中华传统文化的组成部分。
中国文化主要可以归纳为三种:1.宗法文化2.农业文化3.血缘文化.
这三种文化构成了中国传统文化的主流.并且随着历史的演变它们之间相互渗透作用越来越紧密.例如:在封建社会的大家庭里面,血缘关系十分重要,特别强调辈分和地位的等级差距,因此十分重视家族家规,它们在一定程度上甚至比国家的"一些制度更具有凝聚力和威信,在鲁迅先生的小说里我们常常可以看见宗法文化对封建统治和人们思想产生的影响;我国自古以来直至今日还是一个农业大国,正所谓经济基础决定上层建筑,以农业为主的经济形态必然会产生与之相适应的文化制度。
适用场景:文化讲座、知识普及
演讲要点:茶的冲泡技术、品茶的意境体验、茶的历史起源
行文逻辑:介绍茶文化→解析品茶内涵→追溯历史起源
饮茶始于中国。茶叶冲以煮沸的清水,顺乎自然,清饮雅尝,寻求茶的固有之味,重在意境,这是茶的中式品茶的特点。同样质量的茶叶,如用水不同、茶具不同或冲泡技术不一,泡出的茶汤会有不同的效果。我国自古以来就十分讲究茶的冲泡,积累了丰富的经验。泡好茶,要了解各类茶叶的特点,掌握科学的冲泡技术,使茶叶的固有品质能充分地表现出来。
中国人饮茶,注重一个“品”字。“品茶”不但是鉴别茶的优劣,也带有神思遐想和领略饮茶情趣之意。在百忙之中泡上一壶浓茶,择雅静之处,自斟自饮,可以消除疲劳、涤烦益思、振奋精神,也可以细啜慢饮,达到美的享受,使精神世界升华到高尚的"艺术境界。品茶的环境一般由建筑物、园林、摆设、茶具等因素组成。饮茶要求安静、清新、舒适、干净。中国园林世界闻名,山水风景更是不可胜数。利用园林或自然山水间,搭设茶室,让人们小憩,意趣盎然。
茶的利用最初是孕育于野生采集活动之中的。古史传说中认为“神农乃玲珑玉体,能见其肺肝五脏”,理由是,“若非玲珑玉体,尝药一日遇十二毒,何以解之?”又有说“神农尝百草,日遇十二毒,得荼而解之。”两说虽均不能尽信,但一灵缕微弱的信息却值得注意:“荼”在长久的食用过程中,人们越来注重它的某些疗病的“药”用之性。这反映的是一种洪荒时代的传佚之事。
中国从何时开始饮茶,众说不一,西汉时已有饮茶之事的正式文献记载,饮茶的起始时间当比这更早一些。茶以文化面貌出现,是在汉魏两晋南北朝时期。
中国是茶的故乡,制茶、饮茶已有几千年历史,名品荟萃,主要品种有绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶、花茶、白茶、黄茶。茶有健身、治疾之药物疗效,又富欣赏情趣,可陶冶情操。品茶、待客是中国个人高雅的娱乐和社交活动,坐茶馆、茶话会则是中国人社会性群体茶艺活动。中国茶艺在世界享有盛誉。
适用场景:茶叶文化讲座、茶文化交流活动
演讲要点:政和白茶制作工艺、徽宗赐名历史典故、白毫银针采摘流程
行文逻辑:介绍茶树特征→列举茶类品种→讲述政和县名由来→描述白茶加工过程→总结白茶文化价值
茶,山茶科山茶属小乔木或灌木状。深秋时节开白花,翌年秋天结实。原产中国,广泛栽培,形态多变异。唐代陆羽著《茶经》:“茶者,南方之嘉木也。”谓其形态“树如瓜芦,叶如栀子,花如白蔷薇,实如栟榈,茎如丁香,根如胡桃。”又将其生地分为三等:“上者生烂石,中者生栎壤,下者生黄土”。原是一棵山野间的无名树,千万年来在自然生境里与其它树木苦苦拼争,有一天为人所发现,从此与人类共生共荣,一起征服这个世界。人将茶制成饮品,并在其上演释出文化以承载精神寄托;而茶利用人的需求,借其力从险象环生的自然竞择中脱颖而出,养尊处优地繁衍自己的种群。茶给人提供一口苦涩而妙曼的汤水,人便心甘情愿为其播种、耕作,挥汗如雨帮它发展壮大DNA。从这个意义上来说,或许茶比人的生存智慧更高。
话题扯远了,还是言归正传。国人制茶,以工艺不同分红、绿、青、黄、黑、白六类。有名的品种:红茶如祁红、正山小种,绿茶如西湖龙井、碧螺春,青茶如武夷岩茶和铁观音,黄茶如君山银针,黑茶如普洱,白茶如白毫银针、白牡丹。而这白毫银针和白牡丹,便是政和白茶中的极品。
政和,闽北一山城,古县名关隶,多出产贡茶——芽茶。芽茶即银针。宋政和年间,徽宗帝喝了关隶县选送的银针,龙颜喜动,将年号“政和”赐予关隶作了县名。政和白茶原以菜茶品种的"小芽为原料,清朝初年,政和铁山发现大白茶树种(国家级优良茶树品种),逐广为栽培,并以此为原料制出白牡丹、白毫银针、寿眉、白毛猴、莲心等多个优质白茶品种。
政和白茶以大白茶树春季新梢加工而成。每年清明前后,春茶新梢萌发,毫心肥壮,茸毛洁白,茶农将其摘下(一芽一叶或一芽二叶),置于室内通风干燥处,用人工“抽针”(摘取芽头),以制白毫银针,而制白牡丹是不用“抽针”的。政和白茶属全萎凋微发酵茶。在晴好的日子里,茶农将新摘的茶叶匀摊于水筛之上,置于通风专用茶楼里自然凉青(萎凋),待八、九成干后,再行烘干,形成毛茶。毛茶经精心拣剔、拼配、匀堆和复烘,制成最终的成品茶。
当年徽宗皇帝品芽茶而论道,称“白茶自为一种,与常茶不同。”政和白茶清鲜、纯爽、毫香,其独特的品质得自天成及精堪的加工技艺。春末正值新茶上市,政和举办“白茶节”,我接邀而至,逛茶园,看茶戏,会茶友,品银针。茗香茑茑处,尽是慕茶人。