阅读小贴士:模板1共计2118个字,预计阅读时长6分钟。朗读需要11分钟,中速朗读15分钟,在庄重严肃场合朗读需要20分钟,有211位用户喜欢。
"台上十分钟,台下十年功",用这句话来形容演讲前的准备工作十分贴切。优秀演讲者除了要有口才、学识、品德和稳定的心理素质外,在每一次演讲前都要进行认真的准备,深入了解听众、广泛收集材料、写好演讲稿、反复演练等。其中演讲稿的撰写是关键,写好演讲稿可以帮助演讲者加深对主题、内容的理解和熟悉,理清思路,增强语言表现力,恰当掌握演讲时间,使演讲者心中有数,有助于打消紧张情绪。
写好演讲稿要注意以下几点:
一、根据听众特点确定演讲内容
演讲是讲给人听的,听众听得懂、喜欢听才能有助于演讲目的的实现。听众渴望了解的是他们关心的问题,对其工作生活有指导价值的知识和信息,因此演讲者的选题应从听众的心理需求出发,这能缩短演讲者与听众间的心理距离,获得支持。了解听众首先要了解听众的身份阶层、文化层次、职业、年龄等,这些因素会影响听众的理解能力、语言感知能力;其次要了解听众心的焦点,有时一场演讲的听众成百上千,难免各有所思各有所想,性格、心态各不相同,但在某种特定的场合下,比如一个非常的时代、某个特殊意义的时刻、某种特定的情景等,人们所关心的焦点往往会比较集中地落在一个问题上而暂时统一了愿望和要求,那么演讲者就应该因地制宜、有的放矢。
二、提练主题深刻之情
主题是演讲稿的统帅,演讲主题的提练应本着使人获益的原则,那种空洞肤浅或主题拥塞演讲会令人生厌的。演讲主题应是演讲者的真知灼见,才能吸引听众,使人获益。然而演讲者的真知灼见又是来源于广博的生活的,因此提练主题还应善于对生活进行升华,能够以小见大、从平凡中见精神,由细小中见伟奇,善于挖掘社会现象中所隐含的人生哲理、客观规律,善于从一个比较新奇的角度去切入生活的实质,在一个更高的高度上去观察生活、思索现实。
三、材料充实新颖感人
写文章要求选择材料要围绕主旨、典型真实,演讲稿的写作也不例外。但演讲作为一种特殊的语言活动,要求其材料要符合演讲的鼓动性、针对性、情感性等特征。此外,演讲选择材料要多准备几套,有备无患,以便临场应变,留有增减的余地。
(四)旧事新议赋予人们所熟悉的事物以新意或从一个新的角度来议论一个旧话题能激发起听众的兴趣。演讲材料切忌陈词滥调。
四、结构跌宕势如破行
结构即是根据某种需要把散乱的材料有条理有逻辑地组织起来,使材料之间相辅相成,构成一个完整的有机体。而演讲结构即是以掀起听众的情感波澜为宗旨,巧妙地安排论点材料,以便做到层次清晰、循序渐进,自始至终吸引住听众。
(一)开头引人入胜。
万事开头难,演讲的开头更是如此,因为它担负着极其重要的任务,好的开头能镇定纷乱的会场、集中听众的注意力,还能导入主题、定下基调,把听众带入演讲者需要的气氛中去。因此对于演讲的开头应精心设计,力求引人入胜。演讲如何开头应根据演讲内容、演讲风格、听众心理、现场情况等因素来确定,或开门见山揭示论点、或提出问题引人思考、或名言警句发表高论、或善于抒情创造意境、或描绘叙述形象生动等等,方式方法不胜枚举,目的都是要吸引听众。
(二)主体扣人心弦
主体部分是回答问题、巩固成果的阶段。这一部分不能空洞,应以充实的材料充分展开,深入挖掘主题、广泛阐述道理,保持开端造成的声势,环环相接、扣人心弦。主体部分的材料安排应注意形成内在情感的节奏感,即通过由浅入深的论述层层推进听众的情感。安排材料时还应将典型的突出的事例详写,一般性的材料作为辅助略写,详略相间,造在情感的张弛回旋。主体部分的材料应多姿多彩,正反相照、深浅相兼、触类旁通,不可单调呆,才会显得起伏转折、处处有景,时刻吸引住听众。
(三)结尾掀起高潮。
经过开头和主体部分的蓄势,演讲者和听众的情绪都已水到渠成达到了最高峰,这时应该安排一个有力的结尾,总结全文突出主题、掀起高潮、摧人奋发,给听众留下一个更强烈的回味无穷的印象,演讲的结尾应简洁明快,精彩有力,切忌虎头蛇尾、枯燥冗长、当断不断、落入俗套。演讲的结尾方式多种多样,可重复本文论点进行强调,可直抒胸臆进行呼吁,可发表宏誓鼓动听众,可展望未来给人希望等等。
五、语言生动通俗易懂
演讲的语言是介乎口语与文学语言之间的,它既要求遣词造句简练明确、通俗易懂,又要求表情意生动形象富于美感,才能既让人听得懂,又让人喜欢听。演讲语言运用得好能使演讲内容插上翅膀,否则词不达意,谈而列味,便寸步难行。演讲语言的运用要求:
(一)体人。是指演讲者要用听众能听得懂的语言讲话,根据听众的文化层次造择语言形式,做到语义明白晓畅,不故弄玄虚,不使用晦涩生僻的语词,应将自己的思想和感情直白地表达出来。
(二)个性化。演讲语言应体现深厚演讲者处人独特的风格,个性化的语言自然真诚,能给人留下深刻的印象,听众从演讲者或沉郁、或激昂、或诙谐、或充满哲理的语言中能洞察演讲者的个性与人格,而人格的魅力往往比语言的吸引力更强大。
(三)有激情。演讲中内心的激情主要是通过充满感情的语言表露出来。演讲语言切忌平淡乏味、有理无情,这样的演讲连自己都感动不了,如何能感染听众呢?因此撰写演讲稿要多用气势磅礴的排比句、情绪饱满的设问句、直抒胸臆的感叹句等,使语言铿锵有力、气势逼人,把听众拉入语言所塑造的氛围中,跟随演讲者亦悲亦喜痛亦怒。
阅读小贴士:模板2共计348个字,预计阅读时长1分钟。朗读需要2分钟,中速朗读3分钟,在庄重严肃场合朗读需要4分钟,有143位用户喜欢。
写英语演讲稿的格式
英语演讲稿- -
我的演讲稿:
ladies and gentlemen , good afternoon! i’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. today my topic is "youth". i hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish it.
first i want to ask you some questions:
1、 do you know what is youth?
2、 how do you master your youth?
youth
youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind ; it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshness ; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life .
youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. this often e_ists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . nobody grows old merely by a number of years . we grow old by deserting our ideals.
years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul . worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .
阅读小贴士:模板3共计1406个字,预计阅读时长4分钟。朗读需要8分钟,中速朗读10分钟,在庄重严肃场合朗读需要13分钟,有134位用户喜欢。
怎么写英语教学演讲稿
如何充分发挥小学英语在实现教育目标中的功能,从而体现小学英语在整个课程中的地位和作用,是小学英语教学必须重视的问题。英语学习的启蒙阶段是非常重要的,教学的成功与否将对学生的终身学习产生深远影响。小学开设英语课程的目的在于培养学生学习英语的积极情感,形成初步的英语语感,打好语音、语调的基础,具备用所学英语进行交流的初级能力。通过英语课程的学习,丰富社会生活经历、开拓视野、树立学习的自信心。为此在实际教学中我们要求广大教师积极实践和探索,在教学目标、课程实施、教学方法、教学评价等方面做到层层推进。在实践过程中应该明确以下几点:
1.在教学总体目标上,重兴趣、重成就感、重自信心的培养。教师通过多种激励的方式,如奖品激励、任务激励、荣誉激励、信任激励和情感激励等,激发学生积极参与、大胆实践、体验成功的喜悦。有了成就感,就有了自信心,学生就会渴望学习英语;在课程实施上,重环境、重频率、重效率。教学中特别强调语言环境的创设,充分利用和开发电视、录音、录像、光碟等多种媒体,丰富教学内容、活跃教学气氛、创设生动和真实的语言环境。尽量在课堂上创造真实的情境,克服课时少的困难,并且按排早读课及时复习,保证学生高频率的接触英语,为学生创造有效的学习条件,提高学习效率;在语言教学目标上,重语感、重语音语调基础、重交流能力。学校和教师积极创造条件,提供良好的语言环境和设备,通过提供大量的感知、体验、模仿等实践活动,帮助学生形成初步的语感。语音语调的.学习包括发音、重音、语调、节奏和语流等多方面,教学中要求教师防止以单音准确为目的的教学,通过多听、多模仿,在有意义的语境中进行训练,奠定语音语调的基础。强调要培养学生交流能力就要创设交流的情景,使学生通过交流发展交流的能力。
2.在教学模式和方法上,重体验、重实践、重参与、重创造。要求教学设计贴近生活,符合小学生兴趣的需求;教学内容能引起学生的兴趣,例如韵律诗歌、寓言故事、会话表演、游戏等;教学的语言材料要真实、实用。学生在课上通过用中学、学中用,反复实践,学用结合。功能、结构、话题、任务做到有机结合;以话题为核心,以功能和结构为主线,以任务型活动为目标安排各单元或各课的教学;通过视、听、说、玩、唱、画、游、读、写、译等饶有趣味的活动,让学生接触足够量的语言材料,保证输入量,"习得"与"学得"结合,使学生逐步培养起初步的语感;通过大量语言材料的输入,特别是声像材料的示范,学生模仿,教师指导,使学生逐步形成良好的语音、语调、书写、拼读的习惯。设计任务型活动,开放空间,激活学生的思维,培养创造思维。自始至终引导学生通过完成具体任务活动来学习语言,让学生为了特定的学习目的去进行特定的语言活动,通过完成特定的交际任务来获得和积累相应的学习经验。教学方法要多样,且生动活泼,激发学生的学习兴趣。充分利用教科书中的课文创设栩栩如生的情景,为学生提供使用英语进行交流的机会。实践中,我们发现每当孩子们进入角色,成功地做成一件事,他们便情不自禁,喜形于色,因此兴趣倍增、信心加强,动机和情意受到了很大的激励。同时要求布置的练习形式要多种多样,做到手、脑、口、耳、眼、肢、体并用,静态、动态相结合,基本操练与自由练习相结合,单项和综合练习相结合。通过大量的实践,使学生具有良好的语音、语调、书写和拼读的基础,并能用英语表情达意,开展简单的交流活动。
阅读小贴士:模板4共计1014个字,预计阅读时长3分钟。朗读需要6分钟,中速朗读7分钟,在庄重严肃场合朗读需要10分钟,有195位用户喜欢。
怎么写英语一分钟演讲稿
第英语一分钟演讲稿
ladies and gentlemen , good afternoon! im very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. today my topic is "youth". i hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish it.
first i want to ask you some questions: 1、 do you know what is youth? 2、 how do you master your youth?
youth
youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshness it is the freshness of the deep springs of life .
youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. this often e_ists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . nobody grows old merely by a number of years . we grow old by deserting our ideals.
years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul . worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .
whether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of whats ne_t and the joy of the game of living . in the center of your heart and my heart theres a wireless station : so long as it receives messages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long as you are young .
when the aerials are down , and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old ,even at 20 , but as long as your aerials are up ,to catch waves of optimism , there is hope you may die young at 80. thats all ! thank you!
第英语一分钟演讲稿
as we all know, we will celebrate our 60th year of independence. __ years is a short history for any country, however, many people’s dreams have come true. as a middle school student , i’m very glad that i have the chance to celebrate the 60 anniversaries
in the past __years , our standards of living really has changed dramatically. in the past, parents often worried about their children lacking eating and wearing. in that time, we did not see a number of overseas brands in china , and the pursuit of fashion become the subject of life. in the past, people often communicated by writing letters or taking telegram. today nearly every people use mobile phones to communicate with everyone at anywhere. a succession of changes has affected us , which leads us to live a more happier life.
in the past 60 years, china has scored impressive achievements in its development. china’s economy , especially in the latest 30 years, runs at an average of 9.4 percent,with its gdp jumping from 147.3 billion us dollars to over 1.4 trillion us dollars. as the same time, the technology of chain has improved rapidly. the "gold seven’ lunch is the best evidence. the most pride of china is the success of " beijing olympic games", which e_hibits a harmonious china to foreigners.
in the end , let us bless our dear county to have a bright future together.
阅读小贴士:模板5共计10343个字,预计阅读时长26分钟。朗读需要52分钟,中速朗读69分钟,在庄重严肃场合朗读需要95分钟,有220位用户喜欢。
无论在学习还是工作中,我们都会接触或用到各类英语演讲,小到课堂作业和工作汇报,大到会议发言和职位竞选。那么如何才能打造精彩的英语演讲稿呢?下面笔者就以乔布斯2024年斯坦福大学毕业演讲稿为范本来具体剖析一下英语演讲稿的写作要点,帮助大家了解其基本写作要领。i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 结尾有“道”,画龙点睛 演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现
结构清楚,逻辑清晰
指出演讲话题的重要性。比如要做一场关于“英语演讲的艺术”的演讲,演讲者在一开始就可以指出该演讲对于听众今后的学习、工作将会有很大帮助,甚至可以给出一些数据和实例,让听众明白不听这个演讲将会是一个损失,这样听众就会乐于认真听演讲了。②使听众感到震惊。例如要做一场关于“生活方式与疾病”的演讲,开篇就可以给出一组极具冲击力的数据,让听众看到生活方式不健康将会产生多么可怕的后果,这样的震惊能够使听众快速调整状态,投入到听演讲中去。③引起听众的好奇心。演讲者可以在开篇指出一种特别的现象,听众出于好奇就会认真听演讲,想知道演讲者如何分析或解释。④向观众提问。演讲者可以在开篇提出一个问题,这样可以引发听众的思考,也会引导他们去听演讲者如何解答问题。此外,也可以在开篇引用一段名言,或是讲述一个故事等,这些基本的开篇方式被无数的演讲证明是实用而且有效的。 观点明确,支撑有效 毫无疑问,在演讲稿中,主体段的信息量最大,写作量也最大。如何清晰地阐释演讲者的观点或演讲要点,如何用相关事实有效地支撑演讲者的各个论点或要点,是演讲稿主体段写作时应该把握的关键。乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业演讲中明确给出了三个要点:① the first story is about connecting the dots. ② my second story is about love and loss. ③ my third story is about death.为了清晰、有效地阐述自己想要表达的这三个要点,他运用了以下三种手段:首先是举例子。乔布斯在演讲中用了大量的事例来说明他怎么对待学习、工作和死亡。比如他说自己读书时旁听有意思的书法课程,这些课在当时对他没什么实质帮助,但是十年后在当他设计第一款macintosh电脑的时候,这些东西全派上了用场,这个例子充分说明了他演讲的第一个要点——串起生命中的点滴。另一个手段是引用。乔布斯在演讲中引用了一些名言警句来阐述自己的观点。比如在讲到死亡时,他引用了一句格言:“if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.”这句话表明了他对于生命和死亡的看法,使听众印象深刻。第三个手段是数据支持。在讲第二个故事——关于爱和失去时,乔布斯用了一系列数据来支撑自己的观点。他说自己是幸运的,因为“woz and i started apple in my parents’ garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we’d just released our finest creation—the macintosh—a year earlier, and
由于公共演讲的听众一般有数十人甚至数百、数千人,再加上演讲环境的不确定性(比如观众的欢呼或者抱怨),演讲者最好在进入主题之后马上给出所讲内容的框架结构,使听众能跟随演讲者的思路,更好地预判整个演讲内容,以达到良好的演讲效果。比如,乔布斯在2024年斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲中,开篇稍微寒暄之后就进入正题:“today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that’s it. no big deal. just three stories.”听众马上能对演讲内容做出预判——今天会听到乔布斯谈三点,然后他们会关注具体是哪三点。这种演讲就具备了“以观众为中心”的特质。乔布斯在随后的演讲中分别提到,“the first story is about connecting the dots.”“my second story is about love and loss.”“my third story is about death.”由于演讲思路非常明晰,听众在听完之后也会记忆犹新。
i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 结尾有“道”,画龙点睛 演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现
当然,演讲稿在结构方面的逻辑顺序有许多种,乔布斯的这篇演讲是按照话题顺序和时间顺序来安排的。除此之外,还有空间顺序,“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”的顺序等。大家可以根据不同演讲内容的需要来安排自己演讲稿的逻辑顺序和整体结构。
开篇出彩,吸引听众
演讲稿的开篇往往需要花费大量的功夫去设计。在写作开篇时,演讲者需要结合听众特点、演讲场合和演讲主题等因素,争取在一开始就紧紧抓住听众的注意力和兴趣。下面笔者就介绍一下基本的演讲开篇模式,供大家以后写作演讲稿参考。
演讲内在统一性的经典形式,值得借鉴。 为了更加有效地掌握文中讲到的写作演讲稿的要点,笔者建议大家做到以下三点:①多看。多看一些演讲素材,比如名人演讲、演讲比赛优秀选手的演讲等,积累大量的一手素材;也有必要阅读一些关于英语公共演讲的书籍,笔者在此推荐stephen e. lucas的《演讲的艺术》(the art of public speaking)一书。②多想。学会分析这些演讲之所以精彩的原因,可以从笔者上面讲的几点入手分析。③多练。在有了一定的积累之后,要大量练习写作演讲稿,话题可以从日常学习和工作中选取,这样练习起来会更有兴趣和成就感。 (本文选自《新东方英语》杂志2024年2月号)
演讲稿开篇的目的是吸引听众。乔布斯在他的演讲稿开篇使用的是“关联话题与听众”的方式。这是一种比较有效的方法,因为人们一般对自己的事情都很关注,和自己相关的事情也会格外留意。乔布斯在演讲开篇说道:“i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. truth be told, i never graduated from college. and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度赞美斯坦福大学——这就是在与听众发生关联。乔布斯就是通过这种方式让听众一开始就对自己产生好感或对自己的演讲内容产生兴趣。当然,乔布斯还用了适当的幽默,更好地融洽了与听众的关系。
演讲内在统一性的经典形式,值得借鉴。 为了更加有效地掌握文中讲到的写作演讲稿的要点,笔者建议大家做到以下三点:①多看。多看一些演讲素材,比如名人演讲、演讲比赛优秀选手的演讲等,积累大量的一手素材;也有必要阅读一些关于英语公共演讲的书籍,笔者在此推荐stephen e. lucas的《演讲的艺术》(the art of public speaking)一书。②多想。学会分析这些演讲之所以精彩的原因,可以从笔者上面讲的几点入手分析。③多练。在有了一定的积累之后,要大量练习写作演讲稿,话题可以从日常学习和工作中选取,这样练习起来会更有兴趣和成就感。 (本文选自《新东方英语》杂志2024年2月号)
除了乔布斯的这种开篇方式外,我们还需要了解和掌握其他一些开篇方式:①指出演讲话题的重要性。比如要做一场关于“英语演讲的艺术”的演讲,演讲者在一开始就可以指出该演讲对于听众今后的学习、工作将会有很大帮助,甚至可以给出一些数据和实例,让听众明白不听这个演讲将会是一个损失,这样听众就会乐于认真听演讲了。②使听众感到震惊。例如要做一场关于“生活方式与疾病”的演讲,开篇就可以给出一组极具冲击力的数据,让听众看到生活方式不健康将会产生多么可怕的后果,这样的震惊能够使听众快速调整状态,投入到听演讲中去。③引起听众的好奇心。演讲者可以在开篇指出一种特别的现象,听众出于好奇就会认真听演讲,想知道演讲者如何分析或解释。④向观众提问。演讲者可以在开篇提出一个问题,这样可以引发听众的思考,也会引导他们去听演讲者如何解答问题。此外,也可以在开篇引用一段名言,或是讲述一个故事等,这些基本的开篇方式被无数的演讲证明是实用而且有效的。
i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 结尾有“道”,画龙点睛 演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现 观点明确,支撑有效
毫无疑问,在演讲稿中,主体段的信息量最大,写作量也最大。如何清晰地阐释演讲者的观点或演讲要点,如何用相关事实有效地支撑演讲者的各个论点或要点,是演讲稿主体段写作时应该把握的关键。乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业演讲中明确给出了三个要点:① the first story is about connecting the dots. ② my second story is about love and loss. ③ my third story is about death.为了清晰、有效地阐述自己想要表达的这三个要点,他运用了以下三种手段:首先是举例子。乔布斯在演讲中用了大量的事例来说明他怎么对待学习、工作和死亡。比如他说自己读书时旁听有意思的书法课程,这些课在当时对他没什么实质帮助,但是十年后在当他设计第一款macintosh电脑的时候,这些东西全派上了用场,这个例子充分说明了他演讲的第一个要点——串起生命中的点滴。另一个手段是引用。乔布斯在演讲中引用了一些名言警句来阐述自己的观点。比如在讲到死亡时,他引用了一句格言:“if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.”这句话表明了他对于生命和死亡的看法,使听众印象深刻。第三个手段是数据支持。在讲第二个故事——关于爱和失去时,乔布斯用了一系列数据来支撑自己的观点。他说自己是幸运的,因为“woz and i started apple in my parents’ garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we’d just released our finest creation—the macintosh—a year earlier, and i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。
i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 结尾有“道”,画龙点睛 演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现
结尾有“道”,画龙点睛[来源:新东方 作者:钱希] 无论在学习还是工作中,我们都会接触或用到各类英语演讲,小到课堂作业和工作汇报,大到会议发言和职位竞选。那么如何才能打造精彩的英语演讲稿呢?下面笔者就以乔布斯2024年斯坦福大学毕业演讲稿为范本来具体剖析一下英语演讲稿的写作要点,帮助大家了解其基本写作要领。 结构清楚,逻辑清晰 由于公共演讲的听众一般有数十人甚至数百、数千人,再加上演讲环境的不确定性(比如观众的欢呼或者抱怨),演讲者最好在进入主题之后马上给出所讲内容的框架结构,使听众能跟随演讲者的思路,更好地预判整个演讲内容,以达到良好的演讲效果。比如,乔布斯在2024年斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲中,开篇稍微寒暄之后就进入正题:“today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that’s it. no big deal. just three stories.”听众马上能对演讲内容做出预判——今天会听到乔布斯谈三点,然后他们会关注具体是哪三点。这种演讲就具备了“以观众为中心”的特质。乔布斯在随后的演讲中分别提到,“the first story is about connecting the dots.”“my second story is about love and loss.”“my third story is about death.”由于演讲思路非常明晰,听众在听完之后也会记忆犹新。 当然,演讲稿在结构方面的逻辑顺序有许多种,乔布斯的这篇演讲是按照话题顺序和时间顺序来安排的。除此之外,还有空间顺序,“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”的顺序等。大家可以根据不同演讲内容的需要来安排自己演讲稿的逻辑顺序和整体结构。 开篇出彩,吸引听众 演讲稿的开篇往往需要花费大量的功夫去设计。在写作开篇时,演讲者需要结合听众特点、演讲场合和演讲主题等因素,争取在一开始就紧紧抓住听众的注意力和兴趣。下面笔者就介绍一下基本的演讲开篇模式,供大家以后写作演讲稿参考。 演讲稿开篇的目的是吸引听众。乔布斯在他的演讲稿开篇使用的是“关联话题与听众”的方式。这是一种比较有效的方法,因为人们一般对自己的事情都很关注,和自己相关的事情也会格外留意。乔布斯在演讲开篇说道:“i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. truth be told, i never graduated from college. and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.”高度赞美斯坦福大学——这就是在与听众发生关联。乔布斯就是通过这种方式让听众一开始就对自己产生好感或对自己的演讲内容产生兴趣。当然,乔布斯还用了适当的幽默,更好地融洽了与听众的关系。 除了乔布斯的这种开篇方式外,我们还需要了解和掌握其他一些开篇方式:①
演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。
i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 结尾有“道”,画龙点睛 演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现
除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现演讲内在统一性的经典形式,值得借鉴。
为了更加有效地掌握文中讲到的写作演讲稿的要点,笔者建议大家做到以下三点:①多看。多看一些演讲素材,比如名人演讲、演讲比赛优秀选手的演讲等,积累大量的一手素材;也有必要阅读一些关于英语公共演讲的书籍,笔者在此推荐stephen e. lucas的《演讲的艺术》(the art of public speaking)一书。②多想。学会分析这些演讲之所以精彩的原因,可以从笔者上面讲的几点入手分析。③多练。在有了一定的积累之后,要大量练习写作演讲稿,话题可以从日常学习和工作中选取,这样练习起来会更有兴趣和成就感。
i’d just turned 30.”数据很直观,能让听众更直接地认识和理解演讲内容。 结尾有“道”,画龙点睛 演讲的结尾往往需要起到“画龙点睛”的作用,要尽量做到意味深长、启发思考。开篇和正文再好,如果结尾过于平淡,整个演讲的精彩程度也会大打折扣。那么如何做到结尾有“道”呢?首先我们来看看乔布斯的这篇演讲稿,他的结尾比开篇更加出彩,采用的是“引文结尾”的方式,达到了引人深思的效果。他在结尾说道:“stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age. on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. beneath it were the words ‘stay hungry. stay foolish.’ it was their farewell message as they signed off. stay hungry. stay foolish. and i have always wished that for myself. and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you. stay hungry. stay foolish.”乔布斯不仅在演讲结尾引用了这句“stay hungry. stay foolish”(求知若渴,虚怀若谷),而且重复三遍,强化了听众的印象。这句话后来也被广泛传播,被誉为该篇演讲的精髓。 除了乔布斯这种“引文结尾”的方式,常见的演讲结尾方式还有如下几种:①总结演讲。对演讲中的各个论点或要点进行简单总结和梳理,加深听众的印象。②强有力的陈述。这种方式不同于引用他人之言,往往是演讲者自己的总结和心声。一个非常经典的例子是patrick henry的演讲“liberty or death”。他在结尾时说道:“is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? forbid it, almighty god! i know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”③首尾呼应。在演讲结尾对开篇提到的主题和重点进行重新阐述,这是体现
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